Éric Angelini devised this progressively self-inventorying array:

10 71 32 23 14 15 16 27 18 19

20 81 72 53 44 35 26 47 38 29

40 101 82 73 64 65 56 77 58 39

60 131 92 93 74 75 86 107 88 69

80 201 122 113 84 85 96 117 138 89

The first line describes its own contents: It contains one 0, seven 1s, three 2s, and so on.

In the same style, the second line describes the joint contents of lines 1 and 2.

And so on: The fifth line describes the contents of the whole table: It contains eight 0s, twenty 1s, twelve 2s, etc.

He suspects that a six-line table is possible, but he hasn’t found one yet.

More here.

(Thanks, Éric.)