Three girls dressed up in white, green, and blue dresses. They also wore shoes of these three colors. Only Ann wore a dress of the same color as her shoes. Neither Betty’s dress nor her shoes were white, and Carol’s shoes were green. What was the color of each girl’s dress?
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We’re told that Carol’s shoes were green, and we know that her dress doesn’t match her shoes, so Carol’s dress is not green. Also, if the green shoes belong to Carol, then Ann’s shoes aren’t green, and neither is Ann’s dress, since that matches her shoes. If neither Carol nor Ann is wearing the green dress, then it must belong to Betty.
What color are Betty’s shoes? They can’t be white (we’re told), and we know they’re not green (because Carol has the green shoes). So Betty’s shoes are blue. That leaves the white shoes for Ann, who is thus also wearing the white dress. This leaves the blue dress for Carol.
(From the Russian science magazine Kvant.)
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