In 1980, Japanese astrophysicist Kōryō Miura worked out a pattern of parallelograms that permit a map to be folded much more compactly than conventional right-angle creases. So efficient is the pattern that a map can be opened or refolded with a single motion by pulling on opposite ends, rather like an accordion. Today it’s used to fold surgical devices, furniture, and solar panel arrays on spacecraft.
By Louis Phillips, a poem that reads the same upside down:
MOM SWIMS WOW
In spite of her sniffle
Isabel’s chiffle.
Some girls with a sniffle
Would be weepy and tiffle;
They would look awful,
Like a rained-on waffle,
But Isabel’s chiffle
In spite of her sniffle.
Her nose is more red
With a cold in her head,
But then, to be sure,
Her eyes are bluer.
Some girls with a snuffle,
Their tempers are uffle.
But when Isabel’s snivelly
She’s snivelly civilly,
And when she’s snuffly
She’s perfectly luffly.
— Ogden Nash
During lunch one day at Los Alamos, Richard Feynman told his colleagues, “I can work out in sixty seconds the answer to any problem that anybody can state in ten seconds, to 10 percent!”
He had completed several challenges when mathematician Paul Olum walked past.
‘Hey, Paul!’ they call out. ‘Feynman’s terrific! We give him a problem that can be stated in ten seconds, and in a minute he gets the answer to 10 percent. Why don’t you give him one?’
Without hardly stopping, he says, ‘The tangent of 10 to the 100th.’
“I was sunk: you have to divide by pi to 100 decimal places! It was hopeless. … He was a very smart fellow.”
(From Surely You’re Joking, Mr. Feynman!, 1985.)
In this 1515 painting, The Adoration of the Christ Child, the angel immediately to Mary’s left appears to bear the characteristic facial features of Down syndrome (click to enlarge). This would make the painting one of the earliest representations of the syndrome in Western art.
Unfortunately, little is known about it. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, which owns it, has identified the painter only as a “follower of Jan Joest of Kalkar.” Researchers Andrew Levitas and Cheryl Reid have suggested that the painting may indicate that individuals with Down syndrome were not regarded as disabled in medieval society. But so little is known about the work or its creator that it’s hard to establish a reliable conclusion.
“After all the speculations, we are left with a haunting late-medieval image of a person with apparent Down syndrome with all the accouterments of divinity. It is impossible to know whether any disability had been recognized or whether it simply was not relevant in that time and place.”
(Andrew S. Levitas and Cheryl S. Reid, “An Angel With Down Syndrome in a Sixteenth Century Flemish Nativity Painting,” American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A 116:4 [2003], 399-405.) (Thanks, Serge.)
A puzzle from Chris Maslanka’s The Pyrgic Puzzler, 1987:
A bathtub will fill in 3 minutes if the plug is in and the cold tap only is turned on full. It will fill in 4 minutes if the plug is in and the hot tap only is turned on full. With the plug out and both taps off, a full tub will drain in 2 minutes. How long will it take to fill the empty tub if the plug is out and both taps are turned on full?
Bulgarian proverbs:
And “God is not sinless. He created the world.”
A problem from the 2011 Moscow Mathematical Olympiad: In a certain square matrix, the sum of the two largest numbers in each row is r and the sum of the two largest in each column is c. Show that r = c.
“It is a well-known fact, too, that in the ancient world in which the entire population were non-smokers, crime of the most horrid type was rampant. It was a non-smoker who committed the first sin and brought death into the world and all our woe. Nero was a non-smoker. Lady Macbeth was a non-smoker. Decidedly, the record of the non-smokers leaves them little to be proud of.” — Robert Lynd
John Donne may have posed for his own funerary monument. In his Lives of 1658, Izaak Walton writes:
… Dr. Donne sent for a Carver to make for him in wood the figure of an Urn, giving him directions for the compass and height of it; and, to bring with it a board of the height of his body. These being got, then without delay a choice Painter was to be in a readiness to draw his picture, which was taken as followeth. — Several Charcole-fires being first made in his large Study, he brought with him into that place his winding-sheet in his hand; and, having put off all his cloaths, had this sheet put on him, and so tyed with knots at his head and feet, and his hands so placed, as dead bodies are usually fitted to be shrowded and put into the grave. Upon this Urn he thus stood with his eyes shut, and with so much of the sheet turned aside as might shew his lean, pale, and death-like face; which was purposely turned toward the East, from whence he expected the second coming of his and our Saviour. Thus he was drawn at his just height; and when the picture was fully finished, he caused it to be set by his bed-side, where it continued, and became his hourly object till his death …”
It’s not clear whether this really happened — the sketch, if there was one, has been lost. The statue stands in St. Paul’s Churchyard in London.
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